What Innervates the constrictor muscles of the pharynx?
During swallowing, these muscles act to shorten and widen the pharynx. They are innervated by the pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve (CN X) with the exception of the stylopharyngeus muscle which is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX).
What muscles are innervated by pharyngeal plexus?
The superior, middle and lower pharyngeal constrictor muscles, palatopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, levator veli palatini, palatoglossus and the muscle of the uvula are all innervated by branches of the pharyngeal plexus 1-5.
What are the pharyngeal constrictor muscles?
The pharyngeal constrictor muscles form a funnel, and the mouth of the esophagus is like a transverse slit at the bottom of this funnel. At the esophageal inlet, the fibers of the cricopharyngeal muscle run transversely, thus forming the UES.
Which cranial nerve controls all of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles?
The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle is innervated by the pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve via the pharyngeal plexus.
What Innervates the inferior constrictor?
Similarly to the superior and middle pharyngeal constrictor muscles, it is innervated by the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X), specifically, by branches from the pharyngeal plexus and by neuronal branches from the recurrent laryngeal nerve.
What are the 3 divisions of the pharynx?
Inferiorly, it opens into the larynx and esophagus. The pharynx is divided into three regions according to location: the nasopharynx, the oropharynx, and the laryngopharynx (hypopharynx).
What nerve Innervates the inferior pharyngeal constrictor?
What is the pharynx made up of?
The pharynx is composed of mucous membrane, submucosal connective tissue, glands, lymphoid tissue, muscle and an outermost adventitial coating. The mucous membrane does not possess a muscular layer.
What Innervates the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle?
What are the 4 layers of pharynx?
Microscopic Anatomy The walls of nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx are composed of four layers. From internal (luminal side) to external, the layers are the mucosa, submucosa, muscle layer, and fibrosa.
Which muscle widens the pharynx?
Palatopharyngeus muscle
Palatopharyngeus muscle This muscle starts at the posterior border of the hard palate on the palatine aponeurosis and finishes on the posterior aspect of the lamina of the thyroid cartilage of the larynx, as do the other paired muscles. It elevates the pharynx in order to close off the nasopharynx during swallowing.
What is the cricothyroid innervated by?
superior laryngeal nerve
The classical understanding of the anatomy is that the cricothyroid muscle (CTM) is innervated solely by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN), and the endolaryngeal muscles are covered only by the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN).
How is the superior pharyngeal constrictor innervated?
Superior pharyngeal constrictor receives innervation from the pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve, via the pharyngeal plexus . The majority of the superior pharyngeal constrictor is supplied from the pharyngeal branch of ascending pharyngeal artery, while the smaller part of the muscle receives blood through the tonsillar branch of facial artery.
How do the muscles that constrict the pharynx work?
They all act on the pharynx, either constricting or elevating it. The muscles that make up the pharyngeal walls run both circularly on the outside and longitudinally on the inside. The three pharyngeal constrictor muscles make up the outer layer of the wall while the inner layer is comprised of paired muscles.
What nerve innervates the pharyngeal diverticulum?
Fig 3 – Pharyngeal diverticulum. There are two main groups of pharyngeal muscles ; longitudinal and circular. The muscles of the pharynx are mostly innervated by the vagus nerve – the only exception being the stylopharyngeus (glossopharyngeal nerve).
What are the different types of pharyngeal muscles?
There are two main groups of pharyngeal muscles ; longitudinal and circular. The muscles of the pharynx are mostly innervated by the vagus nerve – the only exception being the stylopharyngeus (glossopharyngeal nerve). There are three circular pharyngeal constrictor muscles; the superior, middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictors.