Is nephrotoxic as well as Ototoxic?
Both drug categories are nephrotoxic as well as ototoxic. Aminoglycosides and cisplatin target the outer hair cells in the basal turn of the cochlea to cause high frequency sensorineural hearing loss in a substantial percentage of patients treated with these drugs.
Why do aminoglycosides cause nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity?
Aminoglycosides are nephrotoxic because a small but sizable proportion of the administered dose (≈5%) is retained in the epithelial cells lining the S1 and S2 segments of the proximal tubules (135) after glomerular filtration (30).
Which drug side effect is nephrotoxicity?
The nephrotoxic effects of cyclosporine, aminoglycoside antibiotics, cisplatin, amphotericin B, beta-lactam antibiotics and indomethacin are reviewed. These drugs were chosen because they are among the most frequent causes of renal injury in children. In addition, their nephrotoxicity is caused by different mechanisms.
Which category of drugs cause ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity?
It is well established that many drugs, such as the aminoglycoside antibiotics and the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin, are capable of inducing both nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
What is the meaning of ototoxicity?
What Is Ototoxicity? Certain medications can damage the ear, resulting in hearing loss, ringing in the ear, or balance disorders. These drugs are considered ototoxic. There are more than 200 known ototoxic medications (prescription and over-the-counter) on the market today.
What causes nephrotoxicity?
Nephrotoxicity defined as a renal disease or dysfunction, is often caused by drugs, chemicals, industrial, or environmental toxic agents.
What are the signs and symptoms of nephrotoxicity?
If severe enough, nephrotoxicity can show signs of other types of decreased kidney function, such as decreased urination, swelling from fluid retention and high blood pressure. In some patients, nephrotoxicity can also affect other body systems such as the liver or the skin and show signs in those areas as well.
How is nephrotoxicity detected?
Nephrotoxicity can be diagnosed through a simple blood test. Evaluation of nephrotoxicity through blood tests includes the measurements of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), concentration of serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate and creatinine clearance.